Ovarian Cysts

What are ovarian cysts?

Ovarian cysts are tiny fluid-filled sacs that develop on or in a woman’s ovaries. The most common types of cysts are harmless and don’t cause symptoms. They often disappear over time without treatment. However, in some cases, they lead to complications requiring medical intervention. In rare cases, such cysts become cancerous.

Routine pelvic exams or ultrasounds can detect ovarian cysts and other potential problems before complications arise. 

Which symptoms can ovarian cysts cause?

Ovarian cysts can lead to:

• Pelvic pain
• Dull aching in your back
• Abdominal bloating, fullness, pain, or pressure
• Mild discomfort
• Sharp pain
• Discomfort that comes and goes
• Pain during sex
• Painful or irregular periods
• Difficulty having bowel movements
• Frequent urination 

Larger cysts are more likely to cause bothersome symptoms, while small cysts might not cause symptoms at all. 

What are the risk factors for ovarian cysts?

Ovarian cyst risk factors include:

• Endometriosis
• Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
• Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
• Pregnancy
• Being premenopausal
• Hormone disorders
• Some fertility medications

While most cysts don’t cause complications, some increase the risk of cancer, ruptured ovarian cysts, or ovarian torsion (distorted shape of your ovary) — which can cause extreme pain. 

The Bayard Street Obstetrics & Gynecology team lets you know if they suspect your ovarian cysts pose a risk of complications, and they keep a close eye on the cysts.

How are ovarian cysts diagnosed?

Diagnosing ovarian cysts involves a discussion about your medical history and symptoms, a physical and pelvic exam, an ultrasound, laparoscopy, or other diagnostic procedures. You might also need a pregnancy test, tumor marker tests, or other types of lab testing. 

How are ovarian cysts treated?

Your ovarian cyst treatment plan may consist of one or more of the following solutions:

• Watchful waiting
• Medication changes
• Hormone treatments
• Cyst removal surgery

Your personalized treatment depends on the type of cysts you have, their cause, and the risk (or presence) of complications. You might not need treatment at all, as many cysts often go away on their own over time.

Schedule an evaluation at Bayard Street Obstetrics & Gynecology by phone or request one online today to find out if you have ovarian cysts or determine how to best address them.