Pap Smear

What is a Pap smear?

A Pap smear, also called a Pap test, collects cells from the cervix so they can be examined for abnormal changes.

A Pap test and an HPV test evaluate different things:

• A Pap test looks for abnormal cervical cells.
• An HPV test looks for high-risk types of human papillomavirus that can cause cervical cell changes.

Depending on your age and medical history, screening may include a Pap test, an HPV test, or both.

How often do I need a Pap smear?

For average-risk patients ages 21–29, cervical cancer screening generally includes a Pap test every three years.

From ages 30–65, screening may involve:

• A Pap test every three years
• A high-risk HPV test every five years
• Both tests together every five years

Your screening schedule may be different if you have previously had an abnormal result, cervical precancer, cervical cancer, a weakened immune system, or another risk factor.

You should continue routine gynecology visits even when a Pap test is not due.

What happens during a Pap smear?

During the test, your provider gently places a speculum into the vagina to view the cervix. A small brush or sampling device is then used to collect cervical cells.

You may feel pressure or brief discomfort, but the test usually takes only a few minutes. Tell your provider if you experience pain or anxiety so adjustments can be made.

Before your appointment, you may be advised to avoid vaginal intercourse, douching, tampons, and vaginal medications for approximately two days. Call the office if your period begins before your appointment, as light bleeding does not always require rescheduling.

What do my Pap smear results mean?

A normal result means that no concerning cervical cell changes were identified.

An abnormal result does not mean that you have cervical cancer. Depending on the finding and your HPV status, your provider may recommend repeat testing, additional HPV testing, or a colposcopy.

For more information, visit our Abnormal Pap Smear service page.

Schedule a Pap smear

Regular cervical cancer screening can identify cell changes early, when they can be monitored or treated before cancer develops.

Call Bayard Street Obstetrics & Gynecology or request an appointment online to schedule your cervical cancer screening.